Espresso自动化测试（十三）- UiAutomator2与Espresso的结合

我们都已经知道Espresso是基于Android instrumentation进行的自动化，而有了解的朋友们应该也是知道的 UiAutomator2.0也是基于 instrumentation的，那这两个是否能够一起使用呢。

我们的答案是可以的。

我们先拿网上的例子来说下简单的应用

import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiObject;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiSelector;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class TestContactsSync {

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule(LoginActivity.class);

    UiDevice mDevice;
    String PEOPLE_APP = "People";
    String MY_APP = "XING";
    String userContactName = "Android Tester";

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception{
        super.setUp();
        mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
    }
    @Test
    public void testContactsSync() throws Exception {

        // Espresso code: login the user, navigate to contact sync and enable clicking on toggle
        logInUser();
        onView(withText(R.string.sync_button)).perform(click());
        onView(withId(R.id.contacts_sync_enable_toggle)).perform(click());

        // UIAutomator code: navigate to People app 
        mDevice.pressHome();
        UiObject conutactsApp = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text(PEOPLE_APP));
        conutactsApp.clickAndWaitForNewWindow();

        // UIAutomator code: check that contact is present in it after sync was triggered    
        UiObject contactName = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text(userContactName));
        assertTrue(contactName.exists());

        // UIAutomator code: navigate back to my app under testm
        Device.pressHome();
        UiObject myApp = mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text(MY_APP));
        myApp.clickAndWaitForNewWindow();

        // Espresso code: turn off contact sync and logout
        onView(withId(R.id.contacts_sync_enable_toggle)).perform(click());
        onView(withId(R.id.logout)).perform(click());
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        super.tearDown();
    }
}

是不是很完美？UIAutomator需要Android 4.3（API Level 18）及更高版本。稍微修改下build.gradle文件即可-添加productFlavors和声明uiautomator依赖。

productFlavors {
    // The actual application flavor 
    production {
        minSdkVersion 14
    }
    // Test application flavor for uiautomatior tests
    test {
        minSdkVersion 18
    }
}

dependencies {
    // Instrumentation tests
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:2.1'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.2'
    // Set this dependency to build and run UI Automator tests
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.0.0'
}

最近在测试的过程中又遇到另外一个需要UiAutoamtor解决的问题，在进行修改某个学生头像时，无法判断图片是否已经被修改了。这个貌似Espresso是没办法做到的 所以就需要依赖到Espresso了。

下来是测试的代码

 public void editStudentAvatar() {
        for (int i=0;i<12;i++) {
            clickAva();
            Commons.clickRecyclerViewElementByPos(R.id.fragment_avatars_recyclerView, i);
            screenStudentAva("/sdcard/1.jpg");
            save();
            Commons.clickRecyclerViewElementByText(R.id.add_student_recyclerView, studentList.get(0));
            screenStudentAva("/sdcard/2.jpg");
            Assert.assertTrue(ImageTestUtils.sameAs("/sdcard/1.jpg", "/sdcard/2.jpg"));
        }

  }

 public void screenStudentAva(String storePath) {
        ImageTestUtils.screenShot(uiDevice);
        UiObject2 studentAvatar = uiDevice.wait(Until.findObject(By.res("com.seewo.easicare.demo", "edit_student_avatar_imageView")), 500);
        ImageTestUtils.imageCrop(studentAvatar.getVisibleBounds(), storePath);
    }

以上的作用主要是获取到对应头像的矩形边框，截取修改前后的图片做比较来判断头像是否修改成功。

参考文章

Espresso和UIAutomator - 完美的结合